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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people use medication to manage anxiety, but they're not the only solution. Exercise and psychotherapy can be effective treatments too. Some antidepressants work to treat anxiety, as well as SSRIs such as citalopram (Celexa) and the escitalopram (Lexapro), the fluoxetine (Prozac) paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Other medications, like histamine blockers like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) may also help relieve anxiety. Antidepressants If you've been diagnosed with depression, your doctor might prescribe medication as part of your treatment program. Antidepressants are one of the most commonly prescribed medications and there are numerous kinds to choose from. The type of antidepressant that your doctor prescribes will depend on your symptoms, additional medical conditions and treatment goals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They work by altering the way that your brain's nerve cells communicate. They work by increasing the number of neurotransmitters that are present in your brain, which helps improve your mood and reduces anxiety. Antidepressants may take a few weeks to show results, so take your time and adhere to your treatment. The benzodiazepines are an alternative your doctor could recommend to treat anxiety and depression. They are extremely fast-acting drugs and are used as a short-term solution to reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Benzodiazepines include alprazolam, lorazepam and other. They block the action of adrenaline and noradrenaline which are hormones involved in the fight or flight response. Monoamine oxidase inhibiters are an older antidepressant type that can be effective in treating anxiety and depression. These are often prescribed to people who haven't responded to other antidepressants. They also require dietary changes to prevent hypertensive reactions caused by the amino acid tyramine. Inform your doctor if are taking an antidepressant on prescription. This includes vitamins and supplements. You may need to lower your dose if you're taking other medications that impact the way antidepressants work or cause side effects. Seek help immediately if you are thinking of suicide. You may have different signs of depression and anxiety or you may have a comorbidity of depression and anxiety. Patients with comorbid anxiety as well as depression have a worse medical prognosis compared to those with only one disorder. Certain psychiatric drugs have been found to be especially helpful in treating both disorders for people who suffer from depression and anxiety comorbidly. Benzodiazepines Anxiety symptoms can be alleviated through benzodiazepines. These include alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin) as well as chlordiazepoxide (Librium) diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). These medications work on the benzodiazepine-receptors of the central nervous system that are transmembrane proteins that form an benzylchloride channel in the center. The benzodiazepine receptors have an association site for the inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma-aminobutryic acid type A (GABA-A). The benzodiazepines function by increasing the concentration of GABA-A, thereby decreasing nerve activity and relaxing muscles. Benzodiazepines are known for their rapid onset but also high risks of dependence and addiction. Antipsychotics and antidepressants as well as anticonvulsants and buspirone are slower in the onset of action, but are still beneficial for long-term usage, since they don't cause tolerance or addiction. Anxiety and depression are often comorbid, and antidepressants can help decrease symptoms of depression that are linked with anxiety. However, many sufferers of depression experience a combination of both anxious and depressive symptoms and will require the combination of medication and therapy for talk to manage all their symptoms. In these instances benzodiazepines are often utilized for a short period of time to control depression or anxiety symptoms while other medications are in effect. Typically, these medications are only prescribed for a few weeks at a time, and are not used on a daily basis. These medications should not be used for extended durations as they can trigger withdrawal symptoms, such as shaking or trouble sleeping. Tell your doctor if you have ever had any issues with addiction, substance abuse or mental health. Your doctor will be able to talk to you about possible side effects, and recommend other drugs if required to treat depression. If you have never used benzodiazepines before or if you are taking them in excess, they can cause grave and sometimes fatal complications. If you are pregnant, breastfeeding or have any history of liver disease or digestive or respiratory problems Your doctor may recommend lower doses or limit the duration of treatment with these drugs. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines and could increase the risk of side effects and dependence, so it is advised not to drink alcohol while taking them. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a drug that can be used to aid in the control of anxiety symptoms. They are a different type of drug than the benzodiazepines like Xanax and work by blocking receptors that adrenaline bonds to. They also slow brain and nervous system activity. They could be a good alternative to benzodiazepines that are more prone to the chance of dependence and addiction. Beta blockers are typically prescribed for heart ailments and are effective in treating anxiety because they lower blood pressure and slow down the heart rate. However, they aren't specifically approved by the FDA to treat of anxiety disorders. They are frequently used “off label” to treat this condition and are a viable option if other anti-anxiety medications don't provide relief or have intolerable side effects. They are particularly effective in cases of performance anxiety and social anxiety, in which physical symptoms can be experienced in situations that cause anxiety. They can be utilized in conjunction with other treatment methods such as CBT and SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an additional therapy for people suffering from GAD that is characterized by constant and persistent anxiety that can interfere with daily activities. They can also assist in reducing physical symptoms of anxiety, such as a racing heart or increased sweating. Beta-blockers may help manage physical symptoms of anxiety, but they don't address the underlying mental issues that contribute to the condition. They are best used as a complement to other treatments like benzodiazepines and SSRIs. Before you begin taking beta-blockers it is crucial to talk to your doctor about your medical history as well as any other health issues. The use of these drugs is associated with a decrease in suicidal behavior and psychiatric hospitalisations, but the results vary according to the specific psychiatric diagnosis and the psychiatric history of the past. In some patients, they could increase the risk of cardiovascular events. There are a few natural ingredients that have beta-blocker-like properties, however they aren't as effective as prescription drugs. These include antioxidants, as well as saffron, garlic, and potassium. The effectiveness of these natural supplements isn't fully realized. Certain of these products can cause serious side-effects, so it is recommended to consult a physician prior to taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOIs work by altering the way your mind works. They interfere with the monoamine oxide enzyme that breaks down chemicals like norepinephrine, serotonin and other chemical compounds that let brain cells to communicate with one another. By blocking monoamine oxidase, MAOIs help to keep more of these chemical messengers in your brain, which improves your mood by enhancing brain cell communication. These drugs are also effective for treating anxiety disorder s. This includes anxiety mixed depression and anxiety states. However, they are not as effective in states of pure anxiety and may not be helpful in panic attacks. The MAOIs' effectiveness has been linked to their capability to boost serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These neurotransmitters are naturally produced in your body and released into the bloodstream, from where they travel to nerve cells and act as a messenger between neurons. The first antidepressant developed in the 1950s was iproniazid, that inhibited monoamine oxide. This led to other MAOIs such as tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid and fluoxetine that are known to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. MAOIs could trigger serious withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped. They can also trigger dangerous interactions with food and drugs. A newer MAOI, MAOA-A, which is a selective and irreversible inhibitor is being studied for its potential use in treating depression that is not responding to treatment. It is not recommended to use in bipolar disorder because it may cause manic symptoms. Selegiline, a newer MAOI (also known as Zelapar or Eldepryl) is being studied to treat Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase, but does not affect the other enzymes which break down levodopa – the main treatment for Parkinson’s. These medications may be used alone or in combination with other antidepressants. MAOIs can trigger hyperreflexia as well as increased neuromuscular excitability in some patients. This may manifest as muscle twitching, eyelid twitching, and other signs. These reactions are more prevalent when these drugs are taken together with certain foods such as aged cheeses and preserved meats.